Priority 1 · Pest & disease alerts
Early warning for paddy pests
Weather-based pest and disease risk for the two plots, built only on cited rules. This draft shows the method; no risk scores are published yet.
Priority 1
Which pests and diseases matter here
These are the main paddy pests and diseases that research and official advisories name for Koraput and Odisha. Each row says what weather favours it and when farmers are told to act. Numbers in brackets link to the sources below.
| Pest or disease | Koraput / Odisha evidence | Weather that favours it | Act when (field scouting) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yellow stem borer Insect | Severe in Koraput rice [5]; stem-borer white ears reported in Koraput integrated pest-management (IPM) trials [6]; on NRRI's (National Rice Research Institute) Oct 2024 Koraput watch list [4] | Weekly day high 31–34 °C, night low 22–23 °C, morning humidity 89–92%, rain 0–10 mm, sunshine 6–9 h/day; more than 3 of 5 met = high moth catches. NCIPM (India's national centre for pest management) rule for Raipur, Chhattisgarh (Eastern Plateau), the nearest of its seven study sites [1] | 4–5 male moths per pheromone (scent-lure) trap [3] |
| Gall midge Insect | Severe in Koraput rice [5] | Weekly day high 31–34 °C, night low 20–23 °C, morning humidity 89–93%, rain under 10 mm, sunshine 8–9 h/day; more than 3 of 5 = high. NCIPM rule for Raipur, Chhattisgarh (Eastern Plateau), the nearest of its seven study sites [1] | On first sign of infestation; no count threshold given [3] |
| Leaf folder Insect | Moderate in Koraput [5]; on NRRI's Oct 2024 Koraput watch list [4] | Same weekly window as stem borer at Raipur. [1] | Two folded leaves per clump (hill) [3] |
| Brown planthopper Insect | Moderate in Koraput [5] | Weekly mean 22–28 °C, mean humidity 60–80%, rain under 25 mm, sunshine 8–9 h/day, wind 0–5 km/h (NCIPM rule for Raipur, Chhattisgarh (Eastern Plateau), the nearest of its seven study sites). NCIPM also notes high humidity (above 85%) favoured build-up. [1] | 5–10 hoppers per clump (hill) [3] |
| Blast Fungus | NRRI's Oct 2024 Koraput advisory warned weather may favour blast [4] | Night temperature 22–28 °C, humidity above 95%, dew, leaf wetness over 10 hours, cloudy or drizzly weather, high soil nitrogen. Critical at seedling, tillering (new shoots) and when the grain heads appear. [2] | Leaf: 3–5 spots per leaf; neck: 2–5 infected plants per m² [2] |
| Sheath blight Fungus | In NRRI's Odisha-wide fortnightly advisories [3] | 28–32 °C with humidity inside the crop 85–100%, high nitrogen, dense leaf cover; worst in the rainy season. [7] | Act when seen on 1–2 shoots (tillers) [3] |
| Bacterial leaf blight Bacterium | On NRRI's Oct 2024 Koraput advisory [4] | 25–34 °C with humidity above 70%; strong wind and continuous heavy rain spread it. [8] | On incidence; NRRI also advises stopping extra nitrogen fertiliser on the growing crop (top-dressing) [4] |
No risk scores yet
The weather rules above were worked out from light-trap counts at Raipur and other study sites. None has been checked against Koraput's hill climate. FarmBot will not publish a risk level for these plots until a rule has been checked against field scouting here. Until then this page shows the method only.
How the alerts will work
How weather becomes a pest warning, step by step
1 · Weather in
Forecast and recent weather
Hourly temperature, air humidity, rain, wind and sunshine for the plots, from a forecast service at first Estimate. They are rolled up into the weekly values the rules use (day high, night low, morning and evening humidity, weekly rain, sunshine).
2 · Leaf wetness
Wet-leaf hours
Blast needs leaves wet for over 10 hours [2]. Until a leaf-wetness sensor is installed, wet hours are estimated from rain and near-saturated humidity, and labelled as an estimate.
3 · Crop stage
Stage from satellite
Greenness (NDVI) and, later, radar that sees through cloud (Sentinel-1) give the crop stage: transplanting, new shoots (tillering), grain heads (panicle), ripening. Each pest is scored only in the stages when it does damage.
4 · Rules
Count the criteria met
For each pest, count how many cited weather criteria the coming week meets, as in the NCIPM rules ([1]): more than three of five = high, three = moderate.
5 · Satellite check
Unusual-drop flag
Separately, a plot is flagged when its greenness falls below its own recent trend, or below nearby cropland on the same date, outside the normal harvest decline. That flag means "go and look", not a diagnosis. Seen by satellite
6 · On-farm, later
Sensors, traps and cameras
An on-plot weather station and leaf-wetness sensor replace the computer-estimated weather. Pheromone (scent-lure) traps, with a camera counting moths, give the stem-borer and leaf-folder counts that NRRI's 4–5 moths-per-trap threshold needs [3].
Sources
References
- ICAR-NCIPM (NICRA), Web enabled weather based prediction for insect pests of rice
- ICAR-NRRI (CRRI) Technology Bulletin 277, Rice blast disease and its integrated management
- ICAR-NRRI Agro-Advisory Service, first fortnight of September 2026
- ICAR-NRRI Agro-Advisory Service, October 2024 (district advisory incl. Koraput)
- Samir et al., J. Biopesticides 17(2):135–143 (2024), pest management in Koraput
- ICAR-IIRR, Demonstration of IPM practices in farmers' fields of Odisha (incl. Koraput)
- IRRI Rice Knowledge Bank, Sheath blight
- IRRI Rice Knowledge Bank, Bacterial blight
- IMD Agromet Advisory Services, district advisories